জাপানি ভাষা শিখুন পাঠ ৪

জাপানি ভাষা শিখুন পাঠ ৪ || Learn Japanese in Bangla part 4 || NHK অডিও লেসন




সহজে জাপানি ভাষা শিখুন - পর্ব ৪ || Easy Japanese Part 4 ।। NHK Free অডিও লেসন

আলোচনার বিষয়ঃ আন্না সাকুরাকে সঙ্গে নিয়ে তার ডরমিটরিতে ফিরে এসেছে। তখন তার ডর্ম মাদার তাদেরকে অভিবাদন জানালেন।

গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বাক্যাংশঃ তাদাইমা
অর্থঃ ফিরে এসেছি

পাঠ ৪ অডিও ডাউনলোড করুন

পাঠ ৪ স্ক্রিপ্ট ডাউনলোড করুন


স্ক্রিপ্ট

アンナただいま。ফিরে এসেছি।
আন্নাতাদাইমা।
寮母お帰りなさい。ফিরে আসায় স্বাগত জানাই।
ডর্ম মাদারওকায়েরিনাসাই।
さくらこんにちは。সালাম/নমস্কার।
সাকুরাকোন্‌নিচিওয়া।
寮母あなたも留学生ですか。আপনিও কি বিদেশি শিক্ষার্থী?
ডর্ম মাদারআনাতা মো রিয়ুউগাক্‌সেয়ে দেস্‌ কা?
さくらいいえ、私は留学生ではありません。
日本人の学生です。		না, আমি বিদেশি শিক্ষার্থী নই।
আমি জাপানি শিক্ষার্থী।
সাকুরাইইয়ে, ওয়াতাশি ওয়া রিয়ুউগাক্‌সেয়ে দেওয়া আরিমাসেন।
নিহোন-জিন নো গাক্‌সেয়ে দেস্‌।

পাঠ 4 - শব্দ তালিকা








ব্যাকরণের টিপস

  দেওয়া আরিমাসেন্‌

 "দেস্‌" কথাটি বাক্যের শেষে ব্যবহৃত মার্জিত শব্দ।
যেমন; হাই, ওয়াতাশি ওয়া নিহোন্‌-জিন্‌ দেস্‌ (হ্যাঁ, আমি জাপানি।)

"দেওয়া আরিমাসেন্‌" কথাটি হল "দেস্‌"-এর না-বাচক রূপ।
যেমন; ইইএ, ওয়াতাশি ওয়া নিহোন-জিন্‌ দেওয়া আরিমাসেন্‌ (না, আমি জাপানি নই।)























না-বাচক বাক্য গঠনের নিয়ম (পাঠ 4)

বিষয়টি ব্যাখ্যা করা যাক “আমি একজন জাপানি”- এই নমুনা বাক্যটি দিয়ে।
“আমি” মানে "ওয়াতাশি", আর “জাপানি” মানে হল "নিহোন্‌-জিন্‌"।
কাজেই, “আমি একজন জাপানি” কথাটির জাপানি অর্থ "ওয়াতাশি ওয়া নিহোন্‌-জিন্‌ দেস্‌।" যেসব বাক্যের শেষে "দেস্‌" থাকে, সেখানে "দেস্‌" অংশটির পরিবর্তে "দেওয়া আরিমাসেন্‌" ব্যবহার করে বাক্যটিকে না-বাচক করা যায়। কাজেই, “আমি জাপানি নই” কথাটি হবে "ওয়াতাশি ওয়া নিহোন্‌-জিন্‌ দেওয়া আরিমাসেন্‌।এই বাক্যটিকে আরো নৈমিত্তিক ভঙ্গিতে বলতে চাইলে বাক্যের "দেওয়া" অংশটির পরিবর্তে "জা" ব্যবহার করতে পারেন। সেক্ষেত্রে, “আমি জাপানি নই” অর্থে "নিহোন্‌-জিন্‌ দেওয়া আরিমাসেন্‌" কথাটি হয়ে যাবে "নিহোন্‌-জিন্‌ জা আরিমাসেন্‌।"

===================================

ধ্বন্যাত্মক শব্দ

ধ্বন্যাত্মক শব্দ কাকে বলে? শব্দের দুইবার প্রয়োগের নাম ধ্বন্যাত্মক দ্বিরুক্তি,
ধ্বন্যাত্মক শব্দের উদাহরণ - শনশন, টিপটিপ, ঠকঠক

অনুকার শব্দ ধ্বন্যাত্মক শব্দেরই রকমফের মাত্র।
শব্দের অনুকরণে বা বিকারে যেসব শব্দের সৃষ্টি হয়, তাকে অনুকার শব্দ বলে।
অনুকার শব্দের উদাহরণ - আবোলতাবোল, কাপড়চোপড়


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ক্রিয়াপদের তে-রূপ (১) মূল নিয়ম (পাঠ 8)


মাস্‌-রূপতে-রূপ
তাবেমাস্‌
(খাওয়া)		তাবেতে
ওবোয়েমাস্‌
(মনে রাখা)		ওবোয়েতে
মিমাস্‌
(দেখা)		মিতে
কিমাস্‌
(আসা)		কিতে
শিমাস্‌
(করা)		শিতে
বেংকিয়োও শিমাস্‌
(পড়াশোনা করা)		বেংকিয়োও শিতে

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